Mental Health and Substance Abuse — Mains Questions

Critically evaluate the shift from a custodial to a rights-based approach in mental healthcare in India, with specific reference to the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017. Discuss the challenges in its implementation. (250 words, 15 marks)

Examine the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse in India, drawing upon recent national surveys. Critically analyze the effectiveness of current legislative and programmatic responses, particularly the NDPS Act and rehabilitation efforts. Suggest policy recommendations. (250 words, 15 marks)

Mental health is increasingly recognized as a critical social justice issue in India. Discuss this statement in the context of constitutional provisions, vulnerable groups, and the challenges of accessibility and stigma. What steps can be taken to ensure equitable mental healthcare access for all? (250 words, 15 marks)