Constitutional Provisions for SCs and STs — Landmark Judgments

Landmark Judgments

Indra Sawhney & Others v. Union of India

1992

This landmark 9-judge bench judgment, often referred to as the 'Mandal Commission case', fundamentally shaped India's reservation policy. It upheld the constitutional validity of…

M. Nagaraj & Others v. Union of India

2006

This judgment addressed the constitutional validity of the 77th, 81st, 82nd, and 85th Amendments, which introduced reservation in promotions for SCs/STs, carry-forward rule, and…

Jarnail Singh & Others v. Lachhmi Narain Gupta & Others

2018

This five-judge Constitution Bench judgment revisited the M. Nagaraj (2006) verdict. It affirmed the 'creamy layer' principle for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in…