Cyber Attacks — Mains Questions

Discuss the evolving nature of cyber attacks, from hacktivism to state-sponsored cyber warfare. Analyze India's preparedness and identify key policy gaps in its cyber defense strategy. (250 words, 15 marks)

Examine the technical mechanisms of various cyber attack vectors, including ransomware, supply-chain attacks, and zero-day exploits. What are the multi-layered countermeasures required to mitigate these sophisticated threats? (250 words, 15 marks)

The 2021 AIIMS ransomware attack highlighted significant vulnerabilities in India's critical healthcare infrastructure. Analyze the impact of such attacks on essential services and suggest comprehensive strategies for enhancing the cybersecurity resilience of critical infrastructure. (250 words, 15 marks)