Warren Hastings and Cornwallis — Mains Strategy

Mains Strategy

For Mains, the approach should be analytical and critical. Beyond simply listing reforms, focus on the 'why' and 'how' of their policies and their 'impact'. Structure answers around their administrative philosophies (pragmatic vs.

systematic), the specific reforms in revenue, judicial, civil service, and police sectors, and their long-term consequences. For Warren Hastings, emphasize his role in stabilizing the Company amidst chaos, the controversies (Rohilla War, Nand Kumar, impeachment), and his pragmatic, adaptive approach.

For Lord Cornwallis, highlight his systematic institutionalization of British rule, the principles behind his reforms (separation of powers, rule of law, professional bureaucracy), and the profound, often negative, socio-economic impacts (e.

g., Permanent Settlement's effect on peasantry, racial exclusion in civil service). Comparative analysis is a high-yield area for Mains. Be prepared to discuss how their distinct approaches contributed to the consolidation of British power and the formation of the colonial state.

Use a framework of introduction, body paragraphs (each focusing on a specific reform area or comparative aspect with analysis), and a critical conclusion. Incorporate keywords like 'institutionalization', 'anglicization', 'extractive capability', 'racial hierarchy', and 'rule of law'.