Indian & World Geography·Key Cases & Reports

Primary Economic Activities — Key Cases & Reports

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Version 1Updated 7 Mar 2026

Key Cases & Reports

T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad vs. Union of India & Ors.

1996 onwards

This landmark case, often referred to as the 'Forest Case,' significantly expanded the scope of forest protection in India. The Supreme Court's interim orders and subsequent…

Samatha vs. State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors.

1997

This judgment dealt with the issue of mining leases in scheduled areas. The Supreme Court ruled that the transfer of land belonging to Scheduled Tribes to non-tribals for mining…

M.C. Mehta vs. Union of India (Oleum Gas Leak Case)

1986

While primarily an industrial pollution case, it established the principle of 'Absolute Liability' in India for industries engaged in hazardous activities. This principle holds…

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