Primary Economic Activities — Policy Changes

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
Not a constitutional amendment, but a significant policy shift	2019	The National Mineral Policy (NMP) 2019 replaced the NMP 2008, aiming to ensure transparency, balanced socio-economic growth, and sustainable mining practices. It emphasizes auction-based allocation of mineral resources, promoting private investment, and ensuring welfare of mining-affected communities through District Mineral Foundations (DMFs).	Modernized the regulatory framework for mining, increased transparency in resource allocation, and introduced a stronger focus on sustainable development and social responsibility in the extractive sector.
Not a constitutional amendment, but a significant legislative act	2006	The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, commonly known as the Forest Rights Act (FRA), recognizes and vests forest rights and occupation in forest land to forest dwelling Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers.	Empowered millions of tribal and forest-dwelling communities by granting them rights over forest land and resources, significantly impacting forest management, conservation efforts, and the collection of non-timber forest produce (NTFP). It introduced a community-centric approach to forest governance.
Not a constitutional amendment, but a significant policy initiative	2020	The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) is a flagship scheme for the fisheries sector, aiming to bring about the 'Blue Revolution' through sustainable and responsible development of the fisheries sector in India. It focuses on enhancing fish production, productivity, quality, technology, post-harvest infrastructure, and management.	Significantly boosted fish production and aquaculture, improved incomes for fishers and fish farmers, and strengthened the value chain in the fisheries sector, contributing to food security and export potential. It represents a comprehensive approach to developing the primary fishing activity.

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