Environmental Acts — Environmental Cases

Environmental Cases

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Ganga Pollution Case)

1988

This landmark case established the principle of absolute liability for environmental damage and mandated comprehensive measures for Ganga river cleaning. The Supreme Court held…

Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum v. Union of India

1996

This case established the 'polluter pays' principle and the precautionary principle as part of Indian environmental law. The Supreme Court held that these principles are part of…

T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad v. Union of India

1997-ongoing

This continuing mandamus case has fundamentally transformed forest governance in India. The Supreme Court's interventions have led to the creation of the Central Empowered…

Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action v. Union of India (Bichhri Village Case)

1996

This case established comprehensive principles for environmental restoration and compensation for pollution victims. The Supreme Court ordered the closure of polluting chemical…

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