Threats to Biodiversity — Prelims Strategy
Prelims Strategy
For Prelims, mastering 'Threats to Biodiversity' requires a strong grasp of factual details and conceptual clarity. Begin by thoroughly understanding the definition of biodiversity and its various levels (genetic, species, ecosystem).
Memorize the major categories of threats, using mnemonics like Vyyuha's 'HOPIC-DG' (Habitat loss, Overexploitation, Pollution, Invasive species, Climate change, Disease, Genetic pollution). For each threat, identify specific Indian examples – e.
g., deforestation in Western Ghats for habitat loss, African Catfish as an invasive species, plastic pollution in marine ecosystems, coral bleaching due to climate change. Pay close attention to the legal framework: Wildlife (Protection) Act, Biological Diversity Act, and relevant constitutional articles (48A, 51A(g)).
Understand the functions of bodies like NBA, SBBs, and BMCs. Familiarize yourself with key terms like endemic species, keystone species, bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and edge effect. Practice MCQs that test your ability to differentiate between types of threats, identify correct examples, and recall provisions of relevant acts.
Focus on recent current affairs related to new species discoveries, extinctions, policy updates, and international agreements (e.g., COP15 targets) as these are frequently tested.