Gender Pay Gap — Mains Questions

Despite constitutional guarantees and specific legislation, the gender pay gap persists in India. Critically analyze the socio-economic factors contributing to this disparity and suggest comprehensive measures for achieving gender pay equity.

The 'motherhood penalty' and 'glass ceiling' are significant non-legal barriers contributing to the gender pay gap. Discuss their manifestations in the Indian context and evaluate the effectiveness of recent policy interventions like the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017, in mitigating these challenges.

Analyze the intersection of the gender pay gap with India's demographic dividend and economic growth trajectory. How can targeted interventions to achieve pay equity contribute to realizing India's full economic potential?