Heat and Thermodynamics — Mains Questions

Discuss the significance of the Second Law of Thermodynamics in addressing global challenges such as climate change and energy security. Provide concrete examples from India's context.

Elaborate on the three modes of heat transfer and their applications in everyday life and technological innovations. How do these principles contribute to India's climate resilience strategies?

Compare and contrast the working principles and efficiency considerations of heat engines and refrigerators. How do these devices impact modern society, particularly in the context of energy consumption and environmental sustainability?