Classification — Landmark Judgments

Landmark Judgments

Minerva Mills Ltd. v. Union of India

1980

The Supreme Court established the doctrine of harmonious construction between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles, rejecting the absolute supremacy of either. The Court…

State of Madras v. Champakam Dorairajan

1951

This landmark case initially established the supremacy of Fundamental Rights over Directive Principles, particularly relevant to the social classification of DPSP. The case dealt…

Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala

1973

The Supreme Court established the basic structure doctrine and recognized that both Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles are part of the basic structure of the…

Also build Paper II skills

Dense constitutional and IR passages mirror CSAT-style comprehension and argument evaluation—build those skills in parallel. CSAT hub.

• Valid & invalid arguments
• Syllogisms
• Critical reasoning