Conservation Strategies — Mains Questions

Critically evaluate the effectiveness of India's protected area network in achieving biodiversity conservation goals. What are the major challenges and how can community-based conservation approaches strengthen this network?

Discuss the role of international conventions like CITES and CBD in shaping India's national conservation policies. To what extent has India successfully implemented their mandates, and what are the associated challenges?

Analyze the concept of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as a conservation strategy. With suitable examples, discuss its potential and limitations in the Indian context, especially concerning forest and water resource management.