Indian & World Geography·Key Cases & Reports

Tertiary Economic Activities — Key Cases & Reports

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Version 1Updated 7 Mar 2026

Key Cases & Reports

Indian Medical Association v. V.P. Shantha

1995

This landmark judgment by the Supreme Court of India held that medical services provided by doctors and hospitals fall under the ambit of 'service' as defined in the Consumer…

T.M.A. Pai Foundation & Ors. v. State of Karnataka & Ors.

2002

This extensive judgment by an 11-judge bench of the Supreme Court dealt with the rights of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions under Article 30 of the…

Mohan Lal v. State of Rajasthan

2015

While not directly about the service sector, this case reinforced the principles of Article 19(1)(g) and Article 301 concerning the freedom to carry on trade or business. The…

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