Institutional Integrity — Landmark Cases

Landmark Cases

S.P. Gupta v. Union of India (First Judges Case)

1981

This landmark judgment established the principle of judicial independence as fundamental to institutional integrity. The Supreme Court held that the judiciary must maintain its…

Vineet Narain v. Union of India (Hawala Case)

1998

This case established crucial principles for maintaining integrity in investigative institutions, particularly the CBI. The Court's directions on CBI autonomy, appointment…

T.N. Seshan v. Union of India

1995

This case reinforced the Election Commission's institutional integrity and independence. The Supreme Court upheld the Election Commission's powers to ensure free and fair…