Environment & Ecology·Environmental Cases

Desertification — Environmental Cases

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Version 1Updated 9 Mar 2026

Environmental Cases

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Ganga Pollution Case)

1987

This landmark judgment by the Supreme Court established the 'absolute liability' principle for industries engaged in hazardous activities, holding them responsible for…

Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India

1996

The Supreme Court explicitly recognized and integrated the 'precautionary principle' and the 'polluter pays principle' into Indian environmental law, stating they are essential…

T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad v. Union of India

1997 onwards

This ongoing series of judgments by the Supreme Court, often referred to as the 'Forest Case,' has significantly impacted forest conservation and land use. It has issued…

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