Pollution Control Economics — Key Judgments

Key Judgments

Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India

1996

This Supreme Court judgment is a cornerstone of environmental jurisprudence in India, firmly establishing the 'Polluter Pays Principle' and the 'Precautionary Principle' as…

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum Gas Leak Case)

1986

This case, following the Bhopal Gas Tragedy, led to the Supreme Court's pronouncement of the 'Absolute Liability' principle. The Court held that an enterprise engaged in a…

Sterlite Copper Smelter Plant Closure (Vedanta Ltd. v. State of Tamil Nadu)

2018 (closure), 2023 (SC order)

The closure of the Sterlite Copper Smelter Plant in Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, by the state government, upheld by the Supreme Court in 2023, underscores the severe economic…