Biological Control of Pests — Prelims Strategy

Prelims Strategy

To effectively tackle NEET questions on 'Biological Control of Pests', a systematic approach is essential. Firstly, memorize the key examples of biocontrol agents and their specific target pests/diseases.

Create flashcards or tables for quick recall: e.g., Ladybug $\rightarrow$ Aphids; Dragonfly $\rightarrow$ Mosquitoes; *Bacillus thuringiensis* $\rightarrow$ Lepidopteran larvae; *Trichoderma* $\rightarrow$ Root-borne plant pathogens; Baculoviruses $\rightarrow$ Species-specific insect larvae.

Secondly, understand the mechanism of action for the microbial agents. For Bt, remember the protein crystals, alkaline gut, protoxin activation, and pore formation. For *Trichoderma*, recall mycoparasitism, antibiosis, competition, and induced systemic resistance.

For Baculoviruses, emphasize narrow host specificity and their safety for non-target organisms. Thirdly, grasp the advantages of biological control over chemical methods: eco-friendliness, no pollution, no resistance development, and preservation of biodiversity.

Be prepared for questions that compare these two approaches. Finally, understand that biological control is a cornerstone of Integrated Pest Management (IPM), which aims for sustainable pest management rather than complete eradication.

When answering MCQs, carefully read each option. Distractors often involve mixing up the target pests or mechanisms of different agents. For instance, an option might incorrectly state that ladybugs control cotton bollworms.

Always cross-reference the agent with its correct target and mechanism. Practice with previous year questions to identify common traps and reinforce your knowledge.